Chapter 48 — Paper and paperboard; articles of paper pulp, of paper or of paperboard

1. For the purposes of this chapter, except where the context otherwise requires, a reference to 'paper' includes references to paperboard (irrespective of thickness or weight per m 2 ). 2. This chapter does not cover: - a. articles of Chapter [30](/chapters/30); - b. stamping foils of heading [3212](/headings/3212); - c. perfumed papers or papers impregnated or coated with cosmetics (Chapter [33](/chapters/33)); - d. paper or cellulose wadding impregnated, coated or covered with soap or detergent (heading [3401](/headings/3401)), or with polishes, creams or similar preparations (heading [3405](/headings/3405)); - e. sensitised paper or paperboard of heading [3701](/headings/3701) to [3704](/headings/3704); - f. Paper impregnated with diagnostic or laboratory reagents (heading [3822](/headings/3822)); - g. paper-reinforced stratified sheeting of plastics, or one layer of paper or paperboard coated or covered with a layer of plastics, the latter constituting more than half the total thickness, or articles of such materials, other than wall coverings of heading [4814](/headings/4814) (Chapter [39](/chapters/39)); - h. articles of heading [4202](/headings/4202) (for example, travel goods); - ij. articles of Chapter [46](/chapters/46) (manufactures of plaiting material); - k. paper yarn or textile articles of paper yarn (Section XI); - l. articles of Chapter [64](/chapters/64) or [65](/chapters/65); - m. abrasive paper or paperboard (heading [6805](/headings/6805)) or paper-or paperboard-backed mica (heading [6814](/headings/6814)) (paper and paperboard coated with mica powder are, however, to be classified in this Chapter); - n. metal foil backed with paper or paperboard (generally Section XIV or Section XV); - o. articles of heading [9209](/headings/9209); - p. articles of Chapter [95](/chapters/95) (for example, toys, games, sports requisites); - q. articles of Chapter [96](/chapters/96) (for example, buttons, sanitary towels (pads) and tampons, napkins (diapers) and napkin liners). 3. Subject to the provisions of note 7, heading [4801](/headings/4801) to [4805](/headings/4805) include paper and paperboard which have been subjected to calendering, supercalendering, glazing or similar finishing, false water-marking or surface sizing, and also paper, paperboard, cellulose wadding and webs of cellulose fibres, coloured or marbled throughout the mass by any method. Except where heading [4803](/headings/4803) otherwise requires, these headings do not apply to paper, paperboard, cellulose wadding or webs of cellulose fibres which have been otherwise processed. 4. In this Chapter, the expression 'newsprint' means uncoated paper of a kind used for the printing of newspapers, of which not less than 50% by weight of the total fibre content consists of wood fibres obtained by a mechanical or chemi-mechanical process, unsized or very lightly sized, having a surface roughness Parker Print Surf (1 MPa) on each side exceeding 2.5 micrometres (microns), weighing not less than 40 g/m 2 and not more than 65 g/m 2 and applies only to paper: (a) in strips or rolls of a width exceeding 28 cm; or (b) in rectangular (including square) sheets with one side exceeding 28 cm and the other side exceeding 15 cm in the unfolded state 5. For the purposes of heading [4802](/headings/4802), the expressions 'paper and paperboard, of a kind used for writing, printing or other graphic purposes' and 'non-perforated punch-cards and punch-tape paper' mean paper and paperboard made mainly from bleached pulp or from pulp obtained by a mechanical or chemi-mechanical process and satisfying any of the following criteria: - (A). For paper or paperboard weighing not more than 150 g/m 2 : - a. containing 10% or more of fibres obtained by a mechanical or chemi-mechanical process, and 1. weighing not more than 80 g/m 2 ; or 2. coloured throughout the mass; or - b. containing more than 8% ash, and 1. weighing not more than 80 g/m 2 ; or 2. coloured throughout the mass; or - c. containing more than 3% ash and having a brightness of 60% or more; or - d. containing more than 3% but not more than 8% ash, having a brightness less than 60%, and a burst index equal to or less than 2.5 kPa.m 2 /g; or - e. containing 3% ash or less, having a brightness of 60% or more and a burst index equal to or less than 2.5 kPa.m 2 /g. - (B). For paper or paperboard weighing more than 150 g/m 2 : - a. coloured throughout the mass; or - b. having a brightness of 60% or more, and 1. a calliper of 225 micrometres (microns) or less, or 2. a calliper more than 225 micrometres (microns) but not more than 508 micrometres (microns) and an ash content of more than 3%; or - c. having a brightness of less than 60%, a calliper of 254 micrometres (microns) or less and an ash content of more than 8%. Heading [4802](/headings/4802) does not, however, cover filter paper or paperboard (including tea-bag paper) or felt paper or paperboard. 6. In this chapter, 'kraft paper and paperboard' means paper and paperboard of which not less than 80% by weight of the total fibre content consists of fibres obtained by the chemical sulphate or soda processes. 7. Except where the terms of the headings otherwise require, paper, paperboard, cellulose wadding and webs of cellulose fibres answering to a description in two or more of the heading [4801](/headings/4801) to [4811](/headings/4811) are to be classified under that one of such headings which occurs last in numerical order in the nomenclature. 8. Headings [4803](/headings/4803) to [4809](/headings/4809) apply only to paper, paperboard, cellulose wadding and webs of cellulose fibres: - a. in strips or rolls of a width exceeding 36 cm; or - b. in rectangular (including square) sheets with one side exceeding 36 cm and the other side exceeding 15 cm in the unfolded state. 9. For the purposes of heading [4814](/headings/4814), the expression 'wallpaper and similar wallcoverings' applies only to: - a. paper in rolls, of a width of not less than 45cm and not more than 160cm, suitable for wall or ceiling decoration: 1. grained, embossed, surface-coloured, design-printed or otherwise surface-decorated (for example with textile flock), whether or not coated or covered with transparent protective plastics; 2. with an uneven surface resulting from the incorporation of particles of wood, straw, etc; 3. coated or covered on the face side with plastics, the layer of plastics being grained, embossed, coloured, design-printed or otherwise decorated; or 4. covered on the face side with plaiting material, whether or not bound together in parallel strands or woven; - b. borders and friezes, of paper, treated as above, whether or not in rolls, suitable for wall or ceiling decoration; - c. wall coverings of paper made up of several panels, in rolls or sheets, printed so as to make up a scene, design or motif when applied to a wall. Products on a base of paper or paperboard, suitable for use both as floor coverings and as wall coverings are to be classified in heading [4823](/headings/4823). 10. Heading [4820](/headings/4820) does not cover loose sheets or cards, cut to size, whether or not printed, embossed or perforated. 11. Heading [4823](/headings/4823) applies, inter alia, to perforated paper or paperboard cards for jacquard or similar machines and paper lace. 12. Except for the goods of heading [4814](/headings/4814) or [4821](/headings/4821), paper, paperboard, cellulose wadding and articles thereof, printed with motifs, characters or pictorial representations, which are not merely subsidiary to the primary use of the goods, fall in Chapter [49](/chapters/49). ### Subheading notes 1. For the purposes of subheading [4804](/headings/4804).11 and [4804](/headings/4804).19, 'kraftliner' means machine-finished or machineglazed paper and paperboard, of which not less than 80% by weight of the total fibre content consists of wood fibres obtained by the chemical sulphate or soda processes, in rolls, weighing more than 115g/ m 2 and having a minimum Mullen bursting strength as indicated in the following table or the linearly interpolated or extrapolated equivalent for any other weight. | Weight (g/m2) | Minimum Mullen bursting strength (kPa) | |---------------|----------------------------------------| | 115 | 393 | | 125 | 417 | | 200 | 637 | | 300 | 824 | | 400 | 961 | 2. For the purposes of subheading [4804](/headings/4804).21 and [4804](/headings/4804).29, ‘sack kraft paper’ means machine-finished paper, of which not less than 80% by weight of the total fibre content consists of fibres obtained by the chemical sulphate or soda processes, in rolls, weighing not less than 60 g/m 2 but not more than 115 g/m 2 and meeting one of the following sets of specifications: (a) having a Mullen burst index of not less than 3.7kPa.m 2 /g and a stretch factor of more than 4.5% in the cross direction and of more than 2% in the machine direction; (b) having minima for tear and tensile as indicated in the following table or the linearly interpolated equivalent for any other weight: | |Minimum tear (mN)|Minimum tear (mN)|Minimum tensile (kN/m)|Minimum tensile (kN/m)| |-|-|-|-|-| |Weight (g/m 2 )|Machine direction|Machine direction plus cross direction|Cross direction|Machine direction plus cross direction| |60|700|1,510|1.9|6| |70|830|1,790|2.3|7.2| |80|965|2,070|2.8|8.3| |100|1,230|2,635|3.7|10.6| |115|1,425|3,060|4.4|12.3| 3. For the purposes of subheading [4805 11](/commodities/4805110000), 'semi-chemical fluting paper' means paper, in rolls, of which not less than 65% by weight of the total fibre content consists of unbleached hardwood fibres obtained by a combination of mechanical and chemical pulping processes, and having a CMT 30 (Corrugated Medium Test with 30 minutes of conditioning) crush resistance exceeding 1.8 newtons/g/m 2 at 50% relative humidity, at 23°C. 4. Subheading [4805 12](/commodities/4805120000) covers paper, in rolls, made mainly of straw pulp obtained by a combination of mechanical and chemical pulping processes, weighing 130g/m 2 or more, and having a CMT 30 (Corrugated Medium Test with 30 minutes of conditioning) crush resistance exceeding 1.4 newtons/g/m 2 at 50% relative humidity, at 23°C. 5. Subheadings [4805 24](/commodities/4805240000) and [4805 25](/commodities/4805250000) cover paper and paperboard made wholly or mainly of pulp of recovered (waste and scrap) paper or paperboard. Testliner may also have a surface layer of dyed paper or of paper made of bleached or unbleached non-recovered pulp. These products have a Mullen burst index of not less than 2 kPa.m 2 /g. 6. For the purposes of subheading [4805 30](/commodities/4805300000), 'sulphite wrapping paper' means machine-glazed paper, of which more than 40% by weight of the total fibre content consists of wood fibres obtained by the chemical sulphite process, having an ash content not exceeding 8% and having a Mullen burst index of not less than 1.47kPa.m 2 /g. 7. For the purposes of subheading [4810 22](/subheadings/4810220000-80), 'lightweight coated paper' means paper, coated on both sides, of a total weight not exceeding 72g/m 2 , with a coating weight not exceeding 15g/m 2 per side, on a base of which not less than 50% by weight of the total fibre content consists of wood fibres obtained by a mechanical process.